Literary theory and critical writing have been traditionally perceived as being in tension, either silently ignoring or polemically rejecting each other. In this paper we argue that literary theory and creative writing are interconnected on various levels. By acknowledging this fact, theory may be profitably deployed in the creative writing class, in order to enhance creative writers’ sense of literary mechanisms, conventions, and purposes in specific sociocultural contexts. In this way, theory informs students not only in relation to the poetics, but also to the pragmatics of the literary phenomenon. Theory askes creative writers to contemplate on how they themselves are socially, ideologically and culturally positioned as writers (and as readers) of literature, and how their activity is enmeshed in a broader process of personal and communal identity formation through language and literary representation.

Death is an enigma that creates a sense of finality, and catharsis in the human mind. Death and disease have always had a strange fascination for creative minds. Epidemics and Pandemics have swept through the world and humanity has faced tragic en mass encounters with death since times immemorial. Art has effectively depicted the trauma, anguish, and devastation felt by mankind in this whole process. Literature has acted its role and has served as a great medium for sharing the pain of the bereaved humanity. Tagore, a herculean figure in the firmament of Indian Literature, could not remain untouched by the concept of death and disease. It reflects in his creative pieces that although he accepted death and disease as the parts of life, he could not help being caught in a philosophic pondering over the insignificance of human life against the potent power of disease and death.

The Conflict between farmers and herders in Nigeria constitutes one of the greatest threats to peaceful coexistence, human and national security and as well as to efforts targeted at achieving sustainable national development. From desk research, the paper analyzed the causes of farmer-herder conflict and its implications for continued peace and security of lives and property of Nigerians. It also provided policy recommendations as way forward for Nigeria, in her quest to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals among the comity of nations.

Considering the poor performance in mathematics of the Philippines in international examinations like PISA and TIMSS, this paper investigated the effect of paper folding (origami) instruction in teaching geometry. The participants were eighty-six (86) Grade 8 learners which randomly assigned to two groups – the control group and experimental group. This study used the quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design. The experimental group was exposed to paper folding instruction and the control group learned through non-paper folding instruction. Results revealed the both groups achieved better performance through paper folding and non-paper folding instruction. However, the experimental group recorded higher mathematics performance compared to the control group. Thus, paper folding instruction promoted more effective learning in geometry. The information and insights from this study may be helpful to enhance the learners’ performance in geometry, the teacher’s strategies in teaching mathematics and to future researchers who would like to undertake similar studies.

This study aims to describe the implementation of anti-corruption education in Pancasila and Citizenship Education subjects through citizen project-based activities or learning. This research is a qualitative descriptive study conducted at SMAN 6 Tangerang Banten Regency in class 10 Social Studies. Sources of data in this study consisted of principals, vice principals in the field of curriculum, PPKn subject teachers and students. Technical analysis of the data in this study was conducted in three phases, with the way: classifying, reducing, and eliminating data that are not in accordance with the research objectives, then presented descriptively. As a result, the implementation of anti-corruption education is carried out through an assessment of problems related to corruption with a presentation panel consisting of 4 parts, namely the problem section, policy alternatives, the proposed settlement section, and the action plan section. Through these activities, students are expected to acquire the desired attitude such as honesty, caring, self-reliance, discipline, responsibility, hard work, humility, courage and justice.

The research explained comparatively the application of the first to file doctrine and the trademark dispute settlement mechanism in Indonesia and in the United States. The purpose of this research was to provide a broad explanation of the application of the first to file doctrine and provide an overview of the mechanism for settling the problem of infringement of trademark rights. This study used a normative juridical research method with a statutory approach (Statute Approach) accompanied by a Comparative Approach, the data used was secondary data. Based on the research results, it was known that the Trademark Law still recognizes and / or implements the first to file and first to use doctrine. In Indonesian law, which basically adheres to the first to file doctrine, it still provides room for the first user to claim ownership of a trademark. Meanwhile, The Lanham Act accommodates the doctrine of first to use and first to file simultaneously but is limited by the trademark rights protection space. The mechanisms for settling trademark rights infringement disputes in Indonesia and in the United States have similarities and differences. The similarity is in both country, trademark dispute settllement is done through the litigation and non-litigation mechanism. The difference is that in Indonesia the most common mechanism is litigation, while in the United States the non-litigation mechanism is preferred in settling disputes over trademark rights.

General confiscation applies at the time the bankruptcy decision is passed, this matter also causes the entire confiscation of the assets of the bankrupt debtor to be written off. However, in practice in Indonesia there are still various kinds of seizures that can still be imposed on debtors assets other than general confiscation, such as civil confiscation, criminal confiscation, or tax confiscation. The problem is how to regulate and implement the bankruptcy seizure in” Law No. 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and PKPU” and what is the responsibility of the curator in resolving the bankruptcy boedel when charged with criminal seizure. This research aims to examine these problems using normative juridical research methods. The data used is secondary data obtained through library research. Based on the research results, it is known that the position of general confiscation is greater than that of other confiscations. Then, the authority and responsibility of the curator in criminal confiscation of bankruptcy assets can still be exercised, even though the verdict is filed for cassation and review. Due to the legal consequences of the bankruptcy bill which was confiscated by the investigator, until the criminal confiscation took precedence after that after the end of the verification, the bankruptcy bill was returned to the curator.

The main issue discussed in this study are regarding the implementation of financial technology (Fintech) -based lending agreements which regulated in Indonesian positive law and also barrier on legal protection in implementing technology(Fintech) based lending agreements. This study applied a normative research method which collected primary legal sources of legislation and secondary legal sources of books, journals, and other articles related to this study. The implementation of financial technology (Fintech) based lending agreements is regulated in positive Indonesian law which is Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 77 / POJK.01/2016 concerning Information Technology-Based Lending Services. Meanwhile, legal protection in the implementation of technology(Fintech) based lending agreements occurs when the debtor defaults and the creditor commits an unlawful act, both of which occur due to a lack of legal protection arrangements in the Financial Services Authority Regulation.

As mentioned in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945, everyone has the right to live and the right to defend his life. All citizens are equally in the law and must uphold the law without exception. These rights and obligations also apply to workers who after devoting their lives for decades to the state through the company in which they work, entering retirement age and subsequently starting a new life as a retiree. There is a belief that State-Owned Enterprises (it is called as BUMN) is unlikely to go bankrupt because it is owned by the State, becomes the main choice of retirees to entrust the management of their pension funds to PT Asuransi Jiwasraya (Persero). The problem arises when Jiwasraya plans a restructuring program of all Jiwasraya insurance policy, including an annuity policies owned by millions of retirees as a result of the losses suffered by Jiwasraya due to mismanagement and corruptive behavior of former The Board of Directors of Jiwasraya. Pensioners strongly object to the restructuring plan because it has the effect of reducing monthly pensioner benefits by up to 40% (forty percent), a very large amount that means for retirees who rely heavily on monthly money from pension funds, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic health and life costs are also increasing. This study will analyze whether the actions of The Board of Directors of Jiwasraya who restructure insurance policies fall into the category of ultra vires (actions outside the the board of directors authority), which to answer it researchers will use normative juridical research methods. From the results of this study, it was concluded that the insurance policy restructuring program is an ultra vires action, therefore it must be null and void.

After the enactment of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 65 / PUU-VIII / 2010, the history in the process of proving a criminal incident in Indonesia began to experience development. However, this creates a new problem because the decision of the constitutional court regarding the generalization of witness is contrary to legal norms in Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, especially in article 185 paragraph 1 and its exegesis. The decision of the constitutional court itself provides an opportunity for the testimonium de auditu to be used as evidence but does not provide a detailed explanation of the classification of the de auditu witness evidence including its type of evidence as evidence for witness testimony or indicative evidence following Article 184 of the Indonesia Criminal Procedure Code, exceptions regarding the acceptance of de auditu witnesses are used as evidence and the validity of testimony heard from other people (testimonium de auditu) is used as evidence. This also affects the quality of the judges consideration when the de auditu witness must be used by the judge as a basis for his consideration, especially in the aspect of justice (fair trial). This study uses a normative juridical method that uses two primary and secondary data sources. The results showed that the importance of detailed arrangements in the Criminal Procedure Code regarding exceptions using the testimony de auditu with certain conditions to ensure justice, certainty, expediency to create a fair trial.

Criminal liability is a necessary condition to impose a crime against a person who commits a crime, including a crime committed by a child which results in a fire. The problems that will be discussed in this study are related to how the criminal liability of children that causes fires and how the juvenile justice system is organized in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to determine the criminal liability of children who cause fires and to determine the implementation of the juvenile justice system in Indonesia. The data collection technique in this research is using the library research method. While the analysis technique carried out on the legal materials that have been collected by the author will be done deductively. The results of this study indicate that if the child who commits the crime that resulted in the fire is 12 years old, then the child can be burdened with criminal liability. Furthermore, the implementation of the juvenile criminal justice system in Indonesia starts from the investigation stage to the guidance stage after serving a crime.

This thesis addressed the issue of election criminal law enforcement in the era of simultaneous general election in 2019. Based on data released by The General Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) there were 2,724 reports and findings of alleged violations of election crimes, which continued with the investigation of 582 cases, closed at the investigation stage there were 132 cases, then closed at prosecuting 41 cases, and ajudicated by the court in 319 cases. Meanwhile, based on the Indonesian Legal Roundtable (ILR) data from the whole cases in electoral crime, 170 cases or 53% were sentenced to conditional or probation. The method of this research is used normative legal research methods (normative juridical). Data research compiled based on suited laws and regulations through statutory approach, case approach, historical approach, comparative approach, and conceptual approach. Furthermore, normatively the data is analyzed based on applicable regulations as positive legal norms by interpreting and constructing statements contained in documents and applicable laws. The results of this study are to reveal and analyze the law enforcement applied in handling election crimes that occurred in simultaneous general elections in 2019. Analyzing the formulation of criminal law in tackling more effective general election crimes for the future through the formulation definite regulations, fair, not multi-interpreted and attend to all parties in equal rights of each individual before the law in order to establish a general election which honest and fair as well as legitimate

Thouroughly imbeded and creatively applied Marx-Leninism on peoples role and inherited the tradition on mobilization of people strength in the country’s sovereignty protection and defence, President Ho Chi Minh always stressed the strategic importance and decisiveness of mass mobilization affairs in the revolution process. It is therefore important to understand the creative application and development of the Ho Chi Minh thoughts in the Party Congress XIII documents. This paper clarifies Ho Chi Minh thoughts on mobilization affairs and its application in the Party Congress XIII document.

Consumer protection law is part of consumer law which contains principles or rules that are regulating and contains properties that protect the interests of consumers, while consumer law is law that regulates relationships and problems between various parties related to goods or services. included in the case of flight. The data collection technique in this research is using the library research method. While the analysis technique carried out on the legal materials that have been collected by the author will be done deductively. The results of the study indicate that there are 9 (nine) consumer rights regulated in Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. The responsibility of the airline company for the loss of consumer goods is to compensate the loss suffered by the consumer in accordance with the value experienced. This is based on Article 19 paragraph (1) of Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection which explains that business actors are responsible for providing compensation for damage, pollution, and/or consumer losses due to consuming goods and/or services produced or traded.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Problem Based Learning (PBL)-based e-module. The method used was a quasi-experimental with a Posttest Only Control Design. The pilot sample in this study were the students of the Biology Study Program, Universitas NegeriPadang (UNP) in 2019 academic year chosen by using a purposive sampling technique. The instruments used in this study were the lecturer interview questionnaires, student needs analysis questionnaires, validity and practicality questionnaires and evaluation questions based on critical thinking indicators. The results of the analysis of evaluation questions showed that the mean scores of critical thinking skills of the experimental class students were higher than the control class. The mean score of the experimental class was 76.89 while the control class was 65.11. The result of critical thinking t test shows that t count (0.000) < from (0.05). Thus, it indicates that the e-module on PBL-based classical genetic material is effective for improving the students critical thinking skills.

This study discusses issues regarding consumer protection, especially legal protection to consumers as masks purchaser based on Law Number 8 of 1999. It also discusses dispute settlementtowards business actors as masks hoarders which is clearly affecting consumers. Researcher implemented the normative juridical research, which used library method by examining various secondary data sources in the form of books, journals, legislation and other legal writings related to research discussion. The results of this study indicate that legal protection for consumers who purchase masks based on Law Number 8 of 1999 is to guarantee and strictly regulate consumer rights and impose obligations on business actors who selling masks in the form of aspect which is allowed and prohibited. The settlement of disputes against business actors who hoard masks that harm consumers are executed through the General Court (litigation)by filing a lawsuit, and also through the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (non litigation) which is carried out by conciliation, mediation, or arbitration.

The trial of corruption cases by teleconference is very vulnerable to manipulation of the trial or game cases that can obscure or change the actual facts, internet network connections. In addition, with atrial teleconference for judges, public prosecutors and legal advisors cannot see the direct response of the examined parties to determine the gesture in answering and giving reasons in answering questions, making it difficult to catch whether there has been a blurring of facts or not. The problems of this research are 1) How is the evidence in the trial of corruption cases by teleconference during the COVID-19 pandemic? 2) How should a case prove a corruption case teleconference during the COVID-19 pandemic? By using normative juridical research methods, it is known that 1) Supreme Court Regulation No. 4 of 2020 in principle has accommodated the process of evidentiary the trial of corruption cases and is legal according to law, but in practice not all cases of corruption can be proven by teleconference. 2) The process of evidentiary the trial of corruption cases by teleconference in the COVID-19 pandemic situation that should be carried out is optional so that in practice it does not need to be carried out by teleconference, this returns to the weight of the case being handled.

The case regarding the cartel contained in the KPPUs Decision Number: 15/KPPU-I/2019 which was carried out jointly by PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero), Tbk, PT Citilink Indonesia, PT Sriwijaya Air, PT NAM Air, PT Batik Air, PT Lion Mentari, and PT Wings Abadi. The Reported Parties are alleged to have violated the provisions of Article 5 and Article 11 of Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition by increasing the price of airline tickets. The data collection technique in this research is using the library research method. While the analysis technique carried out on the legal materials that have been collected by the author will be done deductively. The results of the study indicate that KPPU is only an administrative institution, so that KPPU can only impose administrative sanctions and is not authorized to impose criminal sanctions or civil sanctions. The KPPU Assembly has also decided that the business actors are guilty, but the KPPU Assembly has not imposed any sanctions on the mistakes of the business actors. The absence of sanctions imposed on cartel actors can make the perpetrators repeat their actions and in this case consumers will be harmed again.

The purpose of this study was to determine the legal consequences and causative factors which lead the construction of land sale and purchase deed was not in accordance with procedures based on analysis of the Supreme Courts decision number-967K/Pdt/2010. In this case it is known that the factor that cause the land dispute is due to PPAT did not pre-check at the Land Office regarding the suitability of land rights certificate, the construction of PPAT deed was not attended by the parties who carried out the concerned legal act and was not witnessed by at least two witnesses who, according to the provisions of prevailing regulations, and did not read the deed to the concerned parties. With regards to the case that the construction of land sale and purchase deed was not in accordance with related procedure, it is necessary to receive legal consequences in the form of: PPAT can be dishonorably dismissed from his position and subject to administrative sanctions without reducing the possibility of being sued for compensation by parties who suffer losses and resulted in the degradation of the power of proof becomes a private deed because it does not meet the requirements determined by law and or other regulations.

This paper review to focus the relationship between Generation Y students and Malaysian cultural factors within the context of e-learning application. E-learning is defined as the use of electronic media in learning. Meanwhile, Generation Y is defined by the internet and are a connected global generation. The results of these studies on Generation Y culture may differ from those obtained from research focusing on Generation Y and cultural nuances separately. Hofstedes multicultural model is used in this study to better understand the unique cultural nuances of Malaysian Generation Y students. Every dimension of Hofstedes cultural model has been adapted to the context of e-learning in Malaysia. This review also explores whether both Generation Y and culture influence the student usage of e-learning education. This model can be utilized as a guide for e-learning developers to create an appropriate pedagogy for Generation Y students in higher educational institutes in Malaysia.

The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the Guided Inquiry-based Student Worksheet (LKPD). The method used was a quasi-experiment with the one group pretest and posttest design. The population in this study was the students of grade XII IPA at SMA Negeri 2 Painan for the academic year 2020/2021. The sample in this study was the students from class XII IPA 1 as the experimental class and XII IPA 4 as the control class chosen by using the purposive sampling technique. The instruments used were observation questionnaires, product validation sheets, teacher and student practice sheets, and evaluation questions based on the critical and creative thinking indicators. The results of the analysis of pretest and post-test evaluation questions obtained that the mean of N-gain was 0.4 for critical thinking and Ngain was 0.5 for creative thinking. These two thinking skills had moderate N-gain scores. The results of the critical thinking t test showed that t arithmetic (0.036) < t (0.05) and creative thinking skills t test showed that t arithmetic (0.000) < t (0.05). Thus, it indicates that guided inquiry-based LKPD are effective for improving the students’ critical and creative thinking skills.

This study aims to obtain a descriptive description of the Gu-Mawasangka language nouns. Data collection was carried out by using descriptive methods through elicitation, listening and speaking techniques, recording, and recording. The results obtained, Gu-Mawasangka nouns can be analyzed from two aspects, namely semantic meaning and syntactic characteristics. The semantic meanings found are lexical categories that contain material meanings. The syntactic characteristics of Gu-Mawasangka nouns can be in combination with "deny, adjectives, nouns and verbs, personal pronouns). There are monomorphemic nouns and polymorphism nouns. At the nominal phrase level, the characteristic has a noun core in other words that accompany it as an attribute, and at the syntactic level, it functions as a subject, predicate, object, complement, and description.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of PBL-based LKPD. The method used was a quasi experimental with a posttest only control design. The population in this study were the students of grade XI MIPA SMAN 6 Merangin for the 2020/2021 academic year. The sample in this study was the students from class XI MIPA 3 as the experimental class and XI MIPA 4 as the control class chosen by using the purposive sampling technique. The research instruments were observation questionnaires, product validation sheets, practicality sheets for teachers and students, and evaluation questions based on critical and creative thinking indicators. Results of the analysis of evaluation questions showed that the mean scores of the critical and creative thinking skills of the experimental class students were higher than the con trol class. The mean scores of critical and creative thinking skills in the experimental class were 73.21 and 73.79. Meanwhile the mean score in the control class were 54.06 and 58.94. The results of the t-test of students critical thinking were (0.000) < t (0.05) and creative thinking skills were (0.001) < t (0.05). Thus, it indicates that PBL-based LKPD is effective for empowering students critical and creative thinking skills.

In business development of the principal company many face problems in activities related to the management of its business so that it requires a business network in marketing its products. The creation of multi-level marketing distribution network regulated in Indonesian trade ministerial regulation No.66 of 2019. In the distribution of the principals property until it reaches the hands of the consumer there is a tiered agreement that is the standard agreement that causes imbalance in the agreement triggered by the absence of clear regulations governing the provision and only based on the principle of freedom of contract Article 1320 KUHPer. The creation of this unnamed agreement (Inomminat) underlies the creation of a standard or standard agreement, with the reason of facilitating the principal in its distribution practices. Because this imbalance can cause legal problems, such as unilateral business termination experienced in the network of distribution of Gas ELPIJI agents to sub agents or others. The legal vacuum is far from the ideal of the law which essentially provides equality in the definition of fairness in the eyes of the law. The research uses Normative Juridical Method that emphasizes the theory of Legal Protection and Legal Certainty approach legislation (Statute Approach) and Case Approach ( Case Approach).

This descriptive research aimed to determine the use of new terminologies among millennials as the upshot of coinage in the municipality of Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines for the year 2017-2018. The 150 purposively-selected participants were classified as to gender, profession, generation, and area of residence. A 60-item researcher-made questionnaire and three interview questions were utilized. The statistical data gathered were analysed using Cronbachs Alpha, deviation all set at 0.05 level of significance. When the participants were taken as an entire group, they mostly used the new terminologies “occasionally”. There was a significant difference in the use of new terminologies among participants and they revealed that the coinage was based on an experience or at an impulse; share new terminologies with friends and classmates or by social media; accepted the changes in the language because they believe that language is dynamic and as millennials; and considered this change as part of their generation.

Online learning for Hair Trimming Course using Whatsapp, Zoom, and Elearning2unp applications is conducted by creating a class group and learning interaction using chat features and uploading material files, but the implementation is still not maximal. This study aimed at 1) knowing the students perceptions about online 1earning facilities in hair trimming course, 2) knowing the students perceptions about the students capacity in using online learning facilities in hair trimming course, 3) knowing the students perceptions of online learning activities in hair trimming course, and 4) knowing the students perception of online learning implementation in hair trimming course. This was a descriptive study using a quantitative approach. The variable was single. The population was the students majoring in the Department of Makeup and Beauty, Faculty of Tourism and Hospita1ity, Universitas Negeri Padang batch 2019 by using the probability sampling technique. This study used primary data. The data collection technique was in the form of questionnaires or structured questionnaires. The instrument was a questionnaire distributed via Google Form. The tests applied to the instrument were the validity test and reliability test. The data ana1ysis technique used a descriptive statistica1 ana1ysis. Based on the resu1t of the study, it can conc1ude that the majority of the students batch 2019 have a less positive perception towards the imp1ementation of on1ine 1earning in the hair trimming course. This can be seen from the online learning facilities showing 12.5% (strongly positive), 17.9% (positive), 59% (less positive), and 10.3% (negative). For the educators’ and the students capacity in using the online learning facilities, the result is 12.8% (strongly positive), 10.3% (positive), 64.1% (less positive), and 12.8% (negative). Meanwhile, the result for the online learning activities is 7.7% (strongly positive), 46.2% (positive), 33.3% (less positive), and 12.8% (negative). Consequently, overall, the students perception against the imp1ementation of on1ine learning in the hair trimming course is categorized as less positive. The students are suggested to maximize the use of online learning facilities in the hair trimming course to achieve a better outcome.

The history of acts of terrorism in Indonesia, which began in 2003-2019, shows several shifting trends in terrorism crimes, terms of action strategies, targets, and characteristics of perpetrators. Based on the action strategy and the features of the perpetrators, the authors found the involvement of children and adolescents. Horgan, Taylor, Bloom, and Winter (2017) state that the involvement of children in acts of terrorism is part of the regeneration of terrorist organizations to continue to exist and survive for a long time. This research aims to illustrate how the internal defense system in the containment theory contributes to the terrorism context. This research is qualitative which uses in-depth interviews for gathering data. Results showed that internal defense could not support teenagers to avoid their engagement with radical or terrorist groups.

The purpose of this study is to examine the judges decision which overrides the first to file principle in trademark disputes. The number of piracy of these well-known brands certainly causes a loss that is not only experienced by the brand owners themselves, it is necessary to have a control mechanism in the form of methods or dispute resolution mechanisms. In deciding this case between RSO and PT. AGBS, the Judge ruled by setting aside a strong principle in Mark Registration, namely the first to file principle by prioritizing the principle of bad faith. The results of the study found that judges saw all aspects and problems of the case from the beginning, not only seeing from one point of view, but also using a theoretical approach in making decisions in order to achieve justice for the parties involved. The research was carried out in a normative juridical manner by reviewing data on court decisions, laws and regulations and related literature. The conclusion of the study is that the Judge in deciding this case by canceling the Mark on behalf of RSO is to override the First to File principle because there is a Bad Faith principle carried out by RSO to control and or confiscate the trademark from PT. AGBS. This was obtained because from the results of the Brand Ambassador agreement that bad faith began to occur by the RSO Party

This article discusses the study of phraseology, one of the most interesting fields of study in world linguistics. Research in Uzbek and Turkish linguistics has been commented on. In Uzbek linguistics, attention is paid to the issue of grouping according to the meaning, lexical, methodological and semantic features of phraseology, and some shortcomings are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the semantic classification of phraseologies, the interpretation of complex phrases. It is explained by the scientific views of Turkish linguists on phraseology, the terms “idiom”, “expression”. It is also argued that the common features of phraseology in all languages of the world are the same, and in the language of writers the use of phraseology to give national identity. Lexical-semantic analysis of phraseologies and phrases refers to the national language, which reflects similarities in the worldview, religion and customs of the speaking population. At the same time, the phraseology used in the Ottoman period in the Turkish language was analyzed lexically and semantically. For this purpose, the author Rashod Nuri Guntekin’s novels “Choliqushi” (“Çalikusu”), “The Enemy of a Woman” (“Bir Kadin Düsmani”) were chosen as a source. In his novels, Rashod Nuri Guntekin notes that the protagonists used a lot of rhetoric to ensure nationalism in their speech, and that no other can be used in their place. Praising the author’s writing skills, the phraseology in his novels is analyzed lexically and semantically based on certain components. Accordingly, the expressions used by the author in the two works are classified according to a certain system. Author Rashod Nuri Guntekin’s novels, on the other hand, contain a variety of components. Turkish writer Rashod Nuri Guntekin’s novels “Cholikushi” and “The Enemy of a Woman” often use the phrase “Allah” and are used by the author to express various meanings.

Fifty years ago, Operation Lam Son 719 was organized by the US Army and the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) to realize their scheme to cut off the Indochina battlefield separating the Vietnam revolutionary forces from the revolutionary movement of Laos and Cambodia. Based on historical evidence from previous Vietnamese and USA documents, this article aims to prove that Operation Lam Son 719 made many strategic mistakes in assessing the military power of ARVN and the revolutionary alliance of Vietnam - Laos – Cambodia during the Vietnam War, as well as the tactical mistakes on the battlefield of ARVN. The failure of Operation Lam Son 719 dealt a heavy blow to the Vietnamization strategy, showing the passive strategic approach in the Doctrine of Vietnamization. Operation Lam Son 719 played a big role in forcing the U S to agree to negotiate with Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Paris.

Downsizing has recently become an increasingly important issue that needs to be addressed toensure fair employment practices. Companiesworldwide have used downsizing to improve organizational competitiveness, profitability, effectiveness, efficiency as well as to reduce the size of their workforce.Downsizing as a strategic managerial tool has become an increasingly common phenomenon in the business world today. Downsizing is a systematic reduction of the workforce through a set of activities by which an organization aims to improve the efficiency and performance of the organization. Human relation theory by Elton Mayo was adopted. The study is conceptual in nature which seeks to examine the factors affecting downsizing, strategies for successful downsizing, consequences of downsizing, and method of downsizing. It was recommended that organisation should ensure that they provide more information to employees regarding the implementation of downsizing in their organisation so as to provide a sense of transparency to employees

This study aims to interconnect the concept of waqf and social entrepreneurship. Interconnection is viewed from social entrepreneurial capital, social entrepreneurial profit and social entrepreneurship model. The data were obtained from the results of previous studies and were analyzed using the content analysis method. The results of the study show that the waqf institution obtains financial capital of people’s funds. Financial capital will increase the impact of public trust as the social capital for waqf institutions. Waqf institutions as Nazhirs are human capital that are required to improve their skills and abilities, especially in business sector. The waqf institutions income from social entrepreneurs are distributed for operational costs, social programs and reinvestment of waqf assets. There was a transformation of waqf institution into a social company as a result of the social enterprises that were carried out.

This study discusses the study and research on legal consequences, legal protection, and legal remedies that consumers can take in carrying out transactions at financial service institutions carried out by telephone and are associated with the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number: 1/POJK.07/2013. This research is analytical descriptive research that describes legal protection efforts for consumers of Financial Services Institutions for violations in telephone transactions, using a normative juridical approach, namely reviewing and testing data based on secondary data, in the form of literature studies and supported by field studies, namely document examination, and analysis. Interview.

This study utilized descriptive-quantitative research design to determine the impact of prolonged quarantine on senior high school students in a State College in Zamboanga City, Philippines. There were 200 senior high school students answered the researcher-made instrument Prolonged Quarantine Impact Questionnaire. Result revealed that during the prolonged quarantine, students were able to strengthen their faith in God and spend more time for their selves, family and friends. More so, there were changes in the sleeping pattern on students and they invest their time in new hobbies. When data were grouped according to sex, grade level and track, result revealed that significant difference exist.

The Middle East region has been thrown into a conundrum of conflicts in recent decades, with most of the countries in the region been affected by one conflict or the other. Notable among the conflicts was the Arab spring, which lead to the fall of most dictatorial regimes in the region. Others include the conflicts in Yemen, Iraq, Syria, Palestine, among others. The true causative factors of these conflicts are still an ongoing debate. Some scholars link the conflicts to economic reasons, others see it as struggles for democracy, some point to religion, while some identify external proxy actors for been responsible for the unending conflicts in the region. It is predicating on this background that this paper seeks to trace the root(s) of the conflicts in Middle East region, and Syria specifically. The paper links the genesis of the conflict in Syria to the exacerbating effects of climate change and water scarcity, which resulted to the worst global drought in 100 years, affecting world major food producing countries. The drought drove food prices, especially major staples in the Middle East region, bread, and wheat to an all-time high. The development in turn spiked violence in the Arab world, “the Arab spring”, which also coincided with the beginning of the conflict in Syria. The paper identifies the inappropriate handling of the conflict by the Syrian government, and the involvement of external proxies as some of the factors that has made the conflict to linger for more than a decade.

The main discussion in this research is about the implementation of Fintech in Indonesia, especially for Peer to Peer Lending. People who still feel unfamiliar with technology-based lending and borrowing transactions can cause problems. Problems that arise include, among others, how to protect the law and how to resolve if there is a default according to the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number: 77/POJK.01/2016. This study uses a normative research method that collects primary legal sources, namely legislation, and secondary legal sources, in the form of books, journals, and other articles related to this research. The stage used in this research is library research and field research.

Corruption has been widespread, it is increasingly systematic, inducing losses to the national economy. Article 2 paragraph (2) of Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption, the death penalty can be imposed under certain conditions, but so far there is no corruptor has been sentenced to death. This study discussed issues related with corruption, including: first, how is the urgency of death penalty applied to corruptors in Indonesia, and secondly how the implementation of death penalty for corruptors in Indonesia. The method applied in this study was a normative legal research type, with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. This study used primary legal materials, by collecting data from literature study, then analyzed using qualitative methods. The following conclusions can be drawn from this study: first, death penalty is a punishment that still needs to be included in the law, to prevent extraordinary crimes such as corruption, secondly, the formulation of law must be more accentuated even if needed, to be expanded in order to avoid any issues that could complicate the implementation and to prevent multiple interpretations.

This article offers a comparative analysis of two works of world classics: A. Kuprins short story "The Garnet Bracelet" and S. Zweigs novella "The Letter of a Stranger", dedicated to the topic of unhappy love. The analysis revealed the commonality of the storyline, the presence of the motive of prayer, passion and gratitude in it.

This thesis addressed the issue to examine the legal responsibility of the Collateral Manager as the object fiduciary administrator and how the legal protection effort to the fiduciary recipient is based on the principle of lex specialist derogate lex generalist. This writing is motivated by non-performance of contract settlement as well as acts against the law from the importer to the exporter in an international trade relationship based on credit facilities. The results of the research, the responsibility of the Collateral Manager in conduct of transferred objects should be referred to the mechanism for exercising power based on the principles of Good Corporate Governance through the Collateral Management Agreement. This is to depreciate the risk, in order to the objects cannot be transferred by another party as a Fiduciary. Legal fiduciary recipient has accounts receivable on an object can obtain executorial rights protected by the Law on Fiduciary which is equal as court decisions that has permanent legal force. This research is used normative juridical, through statutory approach and a case approach in the case of the Supreme Court Verdict Number 2239 K/Pdt/2014. Conclusion is based on the principle of lex posterior derogate lex priori, the Judicial Review Verdict Number 997/PK/Pdt/2018 provides permanent legal force and certainty of the executorial rights of the fiduciary recipient over the object of collateral which is still a dispute between the importer and the exporter.

Transnational crimes have remained one of the menaces that has continued to threaten global security, peace, and tranquillity, hence requiring a multilateral and multilevel approach in effectively curtailing them. One among these transnational crimes is human trafficking, which has been estimated to be generating $150.3 billion annually (IMF, 2018), with the Asia-Pacific region ranked as the most lucrative .It is against this background that this paper examines the crime of human trafficking in Nigeria, tracing the evolution of human trafficking in general, the efforts at tackling the crime in Nigeria, as well as some of the challenges hampering the total elimination of the crime in Nigeria. Using secondary sources of data for analysis, the paper identified some of themajor drivers of the crime in Nigeria to include but not limited to, poverty and underdevelopment, weak laws and inadequate enforcement, systematic corruption, stigmatization, sophistication and financial war chest of cartels, influence of the social media, traditional and cultural practices, among others. To mitigate the crime of human trafficking in Nigeria, the paper proffers: the addressing of social in equality, creation of more employment opportunities, awareness campaigns at all levels, and the use of ?triangulated nexus of human-trafficking enforcement? among countries, among others.

Indonesias natural wealth in the form of very wide waters so that the potential in it in the form of a wealth of aquatic ecosystems, both the wealth of flora and fauna in it poses a threat of illegal fishing. The crime prevention is carried out through 2 (two) efforts, namely penal efforts and non-penal efforts, namely: With the enactment of Law Number 45 of 2009 concerning Amendments to Law Number 31 of 2004 concerning Fisheries, and other related laws and regulations. And Application, namely through the process of investigation, investigation, prosecution, and court. With the new legal umbrella, it is hoped that there will be strong coordination between institutions that have the authority to enforce law in the field of fisheries in order to achieve the ideals of the world maritime axis state and create protection for Indonesias water rich ecosystems, as well as protection for Indonesian fishermen who depend on the fishery sector for their livelihood. to protect Indonesian waters from being exploited by fishermen from other countries because Indonesias wealth must be fully utilized for the prosperity and welfare of the Indonesian people, giving other countries because Indonesias wealth must be fully utilized for the prosperity and welfare of the Indonesian people. In the rules governing the authority given to investigators, namely Prosecutors, Police, Military, Bakamla, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries to sink/burn foreign-flagged vessels based on court decisions with permanent legal force as regulated in Law Number 45 of 2009 concerning Fisheries. This research is a normative legal research with the Statute Approach, Case Approach and Conceptual Approach. The results of this paper explain that the sinking/burning of a foreign-flagged ship by investigators is based on a court decision, aimed at safeguarding the sovereignty of Indonesian waters.

In ensnaring the corruptors, not from the upstream, but from the downstream, namely by tracing where the flow of corruption funds ends up. It must be understood that a corruptor who then drains the proceeds of corruption means that he has committed two crimes at once. Therefore, the follow the money method is more effective than the follow The Suspect method, namely the handling of criminal acts that prioritize the perpetrators of crimes. With the follow the money approach, activities to hide or disguise the proceeds of corruption can be prevented and eradicated. However, this must still be regulated so that its implementation can be carried out in a concrete manner so that there is no legal vacuum in the implementation of its execution by the Indonesian Prosecutors Office. The data collection technique in this research is using the library research method. While the analysis technique carried out on the legal materials that have been collected by the author will be done deductively. The results of this study indicate that the regulation of replacement money in criminal acts of corruption is contained in Law Number 3 of 1971 and has been revoked and amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 jo. so that in this case, there is an important role by the Attorney Generals Office of the Republic of Indonesia, finally the Attorney Generals Office issued Perja Number PER-020/A/JA/07/2014 and then upgraded to Perja Number 19 of 2020 and followed up with a Circular Letter of the Deputy Attorney General for Civil and Administrative Countries with Number SE-001/G/Gs/03/2021 dated March 26, 2021.

One of the problems of the Indonesian nation that is difficult to overcome is the rise of commercial sex workers (CSWs). The increasing number of prostitutes is due to economic pressures so that they cannot bear the costs of living, which are currently all too expensive. The difficulty of getting a job made them finally forced to do this job which society considered despicable. The negative label and rejection given by the community to CSWs, cause CSWs to be unable to carry out their social functions properly. The method used is interactive support and feedback in an here and now (here and now) frame of mind. Group counseling, sometimes known as interpersonal problem-solving groups, attempts to help group participants solve common, but often difficult, lives through interpersonal support and problem solving. Another objective is to help participants develop existing skills in solving interpersonal problems so that they will be better able to deal with problems that arise in the future. The data obtained by interview, observation and psychological tests. The data analysis method uses the results of the intervention and determines suitable interventions based on the results of the assessment and evaluation procedures in the assessment process.

This paper focuses on the education system of Sri Lanka in the post-colonial and contemporary periods with a focus on English education. This review briefly explains how the changes were made by colonial rulers to introduce English education into the tiny island and how the local rulers attempted to diminish the importance of English education in the country in the post-colonial period. This review also assesses the reintroduction of English education and analyses different reasons for the changing roles of English education. Finally, this review explores the English Medium Instruction (EMI) at both secondary and tertiary levels and the underlying reasons for the success and failures of the EMI. Some brief suggestions are also made to overcome the present challenges in the system. Initially, this review commences with a brief description of the country and the education system. This is followed by the English medium instruction at schools and universities, the challenges and recommendations.

In bicycle fitting, the literature has focus historically on the saddle height and knee flexion angle. There has been little focus in the literature on postural reach; this is the distance between the saddle and handlebars. Currently, this distance is determined by a specialist, a bicycle fitter, and is generally based on a trunk, shoulder, and elbow angle; however, it is primarily based on what "looks right" to the fitter and "feels right" to the client, rather than using anthropometric measurement. This study examined whether there was a relationship between anthropometric measures and postural reach, or if ideal fit should continue to be determined by a trial-and-error process, informed by expert opinion and client feedback. This study found that there was a moderate correlation r(9) = 0.663, p < .05 between the upper extremity measure and postural reach and a fair correlation r(9)= 0.296, p < .05 between the trunk measure and postural reach. A significant regression was found between the upper extremity length and the postural reach F(1, 9) = 7.06. The finding of this study does suggest that there is a relationship between the anthropometric measures and the postural reach. However, due to the low number of data points,the external validity may be somewhat limited, and it is suggested that the study be only used as a guide for future exploration.

The Ancient city of ‘CALABAR’ often interpreted as “Come And Live And Be At Rest” has experienced insecurity and safety for over a decade due to rapid population growth and urbanization. The urban settings have also influenced criminal activities and disorder especially the physical form of the metropolis and its diverse economic activities. The increase crime rate is also attributed to the city’s social activity pattern and the structure of its transportation network which distributes traffic to all the neighborhoods within and around Calabar Metropolis. The aim of this study is to appraise the insecurity situation in the ancient city of Calabar and the consequences on the residents in the metropolis. The specific objectives are; to identify the major types of criminal activities in Calabar metropolis; to determine the cause of such criminal activities in the study area; and to examine the physical form and structure of the area under study. The Pearson’s Product Moment statistical techniques was employed to test the relationship between population and crime. At 4.345 degree of freedom and 0.05 level of significance, the P-value was less than the chosen alpha of .05, the null Hypothesis was therefore rejected confirming a significant relationship between population and crime in the study area. The study further revealed increase criminal activities in the inner-city neighborhoods and the Gated and rich neighborhoods in the study area due to the deteriorating quality of urban life and poor urban planning and design.

This study will describe examples of cases of brand counterfeiting that endanger human health and will analyze how the legal protection for trademark rights holders for brand counterfeiting endangers human health, the comparison of Indonesian law with the United States of America. This research is a normative legal research with a statutory approach and a case approach. The data used is secondary consisting of primary and secondary legal materials. Based on the research results, it is known that examples of brand counterfeiting that endanger human health are the counterfeiting of the “One Care” brand and the “Bango” soy sauce brand counterfeiting. Legal protection for trademark rights holders for brand counterfeiting that endangers human health, the comparison of Indonesian law with the United States is that they both follow the development of international legal principles. The difference in Indonesia is regulated in the Trademark and Geographical Indication Law and the Perlinkos Law, while in the United States it is regulated in the Lanham Act of 1946 or the Federal Trademark Lanham Act.

A well-functioning food safety regulatory arrangement is important for ensuring the standards of foodstuffs, better food business, and the protection of public health in a given country. This article deals with the perceived determinants of the food safety regulation in Bangladesh. Based on literature review, we propose an analytical framework and identify key determinants that might influence effective food safety regulation in a developing country like Bangladesh. We then conduct a perception survey on 200 different kinds of stakeholders involved with the regulation of foodstuffs standards. We utilize descriptive mode of statistical analysis in our study. In our findings, actual autonomy of the main regulatory agency, and actual inter-organizational coordination are perceived as important determinates of effective food safety regulation. Proper enforcement of regulation, and accountability and transparency are perceived another factors of quality food safety regulation. It is also perceived that penalties are not sufficient enough for the food safety offences. Technical personnel and the state of the art laboratory facilities are other determinants of the regulation of food safety. Again, decentralized food safety regulatory network is perceived as very important determinant of the control of the food safety hazards at all level as well as an effective regulatory arrangement. The policy makers need to take into account the perceived determinates for desired food safety regulatory outcome in Bangladesh.

Design of distance education course materials is the single most important aspect of any distance education program. In recent times, many have questioned the experiences of the learners in the use of their course modules. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to find out the experiences of the distance education students in their use of the course modules (learner-content interaction), to see how it has been engaging, effective and efficient in their distance learning journey. Five graduates of the UEW distance education programme were chosen at random for this study and the in-depth interview guide was used to gather data. The four major themes that emerged from the phenomenological reduction process of the learners’ experiences with the distance education course modules were the user experience; module content; interactivity of the modules; and assessments. The findings of the study were that respondents had positive experiences in user experiences, module content, and interactivity of the modules. They however had not so good experiences with the assessment practices of their program. The findings only confirm the importance of learner-content interactions in distance education, it also adds to the limited literature on learner-content interaction in distance education in the developing countries like Ghana.

This research was conducted to investigate the obstacles to asset recovery for the proceeds of money laundering deposited in offshore bank accounts, as mandated in Law Number 8 of 2010. The issues raised in this study are about the relationship between corruption and money laundering. As well as law enforcement in the monetary sector in Indonesia through the criminal approach and Asset Recovery in the Money Laundering case. Based on the research, it was found that the recovery of assets resulting from money laundering that was stored abroad experienced obstacles due to differences in legal concepts (money laundering and assets proceeds from money laundering). The research was conducted through juridical normative methods and data collection. It is concluded that the Asset Recovery approach is more of a deterrent effect for the perpetrators of corruption than punishment. To facilitate the withdrawal of money laundering funds abroad, a bilateral cooperation agreement between the Indonesian and recipient countries of money laundering assets is necessary.

The article looks into the contemporary challenges for higher education in the era of unexpected global turbulences following the processes of globalisation not only in the social, political, economic and financial contexts but also in the educational domain. Multidimensional reality has brought its changes to communication and risen the standards of effective communication much higher than forecast in the previous years. The global developments drive for efficiency in intercultural dialogue, which causes reconsideration of the lingual status of education in multinational classrooms. The burning issues arise more sharply for cross border communication for business and diplomacy purposes. It means that a high demand in the educational market for LSP instructors (LSP – languages for specific purposes) at philology departments in Ukraine and abroad has started moving higher education to become more business oriented and stakeholder and university partnered. That said, it is necessary to analyse the existing foundations for poly- / multiculturality in higher education as supported by governments and the government of Ukraine, in particular, as well as go deeper into the levels of the research concept, the methodological level, to be more precise. As part of the research, the paper describes the key methodological approaches to foster and cultivate poly- / multiculturality in multi-dimensional classrooms – polylingual and multicultural. Such approaches are viewed fundamental to educate high-class LSP instructors in the field of foreign language instruction and acquisition in higher education. Among them are the systemic approach including the structural one, the synergic approach to cultivate poly- / multiculturality with future LSP educators in foreign language classrooms, cross-cultural approach, axiological and communicative approaches, environmental and reflexive approaches, etc.

The paper discusses the dialectics of Barakas Marxism in relation to "In Memory of Radio," one of his best poems written during his Beat period and published in 1962. Though much of his poetry written during this period is judged by critics as having nothing to do with Marxism and thus no attempt is to be made to discuss his poetic production in the light of this literary theory, other literary critics prove that the seeds of establishing himself as a Marxist poet can find its roots in his Beat poetry prior to his transition to other two phases, namely the phase of Black nationalism and the phase of Marxist-Leninism.